The Experiences and Challenges for Adjudication on Refugee Law in Slovenia

As a border country within the European Union, Slovenia willprobably need to manage a considerable burden of refugee lawcases in the future. In addition to the goal of managing thosecases promptly, judicial review will continue to play a crucialrole in building the integrity of procedural and material lawon the protection of refugees. The article first focuses, insection 2, on several refugee law issues from national legislation,supported by case law, with special attention to a comparisonof national legislation with the corresponding EU legal sourcesin their respective fields and other international law standards.On the basis of a qualitative assessment of judgements, in section3 the author provides an evaluation of the experiences and effectsof the Administrative Court, the Supreme Court and the ConstitutionalCourt in the construction of (case) law on refugees. Findingsin section 3 lead the author to the basic thesis, in section4, that the major challenge for adjudication on refugee law,which is an example of a very complex legal discipline, establishedwithin the multi-level constitutionalism, is to improve theinstitutional quality of the judiciary. In this regard the authorselects six priorities for building on the managerial capacitiesof the judiciary that are necessary mechanisms for dealing withthe increasing number of important international refugee lawissues in the future, so that the integrity of asylum law, theharmonisation of EU law and the protective character of internationalrefugee law in Slovenia is guaranteed. In the conclusion ofthe paper, the author selects the particular legal challengesfor judges in the future process of adjudication on refugeelaw.     

气候变化对青藏高原水资源安全的影响

青藏高原不仅是世界屋脊、亚洲水塔和地球第三极，也是中国重要的生态安全屏障和战略资源储备基地，更是资源政治与地缘政治的结合之处。青藏高原是世界上第三大淡水资源“储存库”，气候变化会加速高原地区的冰川消融，改变跨国界河流径流量的年度和季节性变化，增加水资源分配模式的不稳定性，从而加剧地区性水资源稀缺性危机，使地区性洪涝灾害增多，水治理难度提升。气候变化对青藏高原水资源安全的影响会产生连锁性的政治、经济与安全效应，不仅影响高原地区国家的水力开发计划与基础设施安全，加剧地缘政治博弈的复杂性，而且影响中国的海外水电投资，使中国的“一带一路”倡议和水利“十三五”发展规划的实施面临更多的国际压力与挑战。在气候变化的影响下，青藏高原水资源安全涉及十几亿人口的生存和发展问题，涉及亚洲的稳定与和平。对此，中国应积极实践构建人类命运共同体理念，在青藏高原水资源安全的维护上扮演更重要的角色，一方面在技术层面上加强对青藏高原水资源安全动态的深度调查与持续性跟踪研究，另一方面在政治层面上推动高原地区国家的气候治理合作与区域合作框架构建。     

Were Bosnian policy research organisations more effective in 2006 than in 2003? Did technical assistance play a role?

In 2003 the policy development process in Bosnia and Herzegovina was characterised by international community (IC) dominance. The IC provided the vast majority of the analysis of problems facing the country and drafted many of the laws. This article documents developments from fall 2003 to fall 2006 in the use of evidence and analysis in the policy development process and the role of local policy research organisations (PROs—often called think tanks) in it. The likely relation between these changes and the activities of a PRO mentoring project that operated over the same period is also assessed. Evidence comes as a series of interviews in both years with government officials and members of parliament, on the one hand, and leaders of PROs and advocacy NGOs on the other. The broad picture that emerges from the above review is of a substantial positive development in the policy development process in Bosnia and Herzegovina over the period. Factual evidence and analysis are playing a much greater role, and PROs have been a major provider of this information. The evidence indicates that PROs have been successful in convincing the policy community that they are purveyors of objective, disinterested advice and analysis. The improvements occurred in a conducive environment that steadily placed greater responsibility for policy formation on Bosnian officials. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

从时间观的差异探讨中国与西方传统思维方式的区别

在中外思想史上,一种自成体系的理论思维方式往往不可能脱离其文化背景而独立存在.先秦思想家阐释的中国传统思维方式,与从古希腊哲学家到黑格尔所阐释的西方古典思维方式,两者之间的主要特征存在着不可忽略的区别,这导致中西方古代思想史上对时间范畴及事物变化过程理解的差异,致使中西方古代科学家们采撷的智慧之果亦有所不同.如果摈弃思想史研究中的欧洲中心论,对中西方文化进行比较研究,将有助于发掘文化遗产;促进文化交流,并增进对世界文化多样性的认识.     

Diplomacy and intelligence

'Intelligence' as a discrete institution is part of twentieth-century government. It combines the skills of covert collection with expertise on certain subjects. Its differentiation from legitimate diplomacy is on the whole clear: intelligence provides information by special methods, diplomacy uses it. Nevertheless, there are numerous operational overlaps. Intelligence's overseas liaisons interact with diplomacy and foreign policy. Embassies act as intelligence bases and are targets for local intelligence attacks. The British Foreign and Commonwealth Office plays a leading part in intelligence assessment. Some distancing between diplomacy and covert intelligence is desirable, but Western intelligence is less of a rival to diplomacy than has sometimes been portrayed. In Britain, in particular, intelligence's knowledge has not meant power.     

Latin American Regional Integration Progresses Steadily

With growing globalization, regional integration has witnessed a new round of development with a strong momentum. In recent years, in Latin America, a region that started regional integration earliest among the developing countries, regional integration has been advancing steadily. All kinds of regional and sub-regional cooperation organizations have been strengthening dialogue and exchanges in the political, economic, trade, energy, financial and other fields. Regional cooperation is further enhanced. Latin American integration is in a period of relatively sound development.